User blogs
High Purity and High-Speed Delivery Anastrozole Acetate
Arimidex, Cas No: 120511-73-1, Anastrozole Acetate, Anastrol
Arimidex Description:
Ana strozoles
Arimidex Alias: Arimidex
Arimidex CAS No: 120511-73-1
Arimidex MF: C17H19N5
Arimidex MW: 293.37
Arimidex Purity: 98%min
Arimidex Appearance: White crystalline powder.
Arimidex Usage: An aromatase inhibitor. Used as an antineoplastic raw materials.
Potent selective triazole aromatase inhibitors, can inhibit the cytochrome P-450 aromatase enzyme which depends blocking the biosynthesis of estrogen, and estrogen to stimulate breast cancer cell growth factors. Treatment of breast cancer, especially for those with hormone relapse after adjuvant therapy after menopause for women with advanced breast cancer.
Arimidex Applications:
The drug is appropriately used when using substantial amounts of aromatizing steroids, or when one is prone to gynecomastia and using moderate amounts of such steroids. Arimidex does not have the side effects of aminoglutethimide (Cytadren) and can achieve a high degree of estrogen blockade, much moreso than Cytadren. It is possible to reduce estrogen too much with Arimidex, and for this reason blood tests, or less preferably salivary tests, should be taken after the first week of use to determine if the dosing is correct.
Arimidex, Cas No: 120511-73-1, Anastrozole Acetate, Anastrol
Arimidex Description:
Ana strozoles
Arimidex Alias: Arimidex
Arimidex CAS No: 120511-73-1
Arimidex MF: C17H19N5
Arimidex MW: 293.37
Arimidex Purity: 98%min
Arimidex Appearance: White crystalline powder.
Arimidex Usage: An aromatase inhibitor. Used as an antineoplastic raw materials.
Potent selective triazole aromatase inhibitors, can inhibit the cytochrome P-450 aromatase enzyme which depends blocking the biosynthesis of estrogen, and estrogen to stimulate breast cancer cell growth factors. Treatment of breast cancer, especially for those with hormone relapse after adjuvant therapy after menopause for women with advanced breast cancer.
Arimidex Applications:
The drug is appropriately used when using substantial amounts of aromatizing steroids, or when one is prone to gynecomastia and using moderate amounts of such steroids. Arimidex does not have the side effects of aminoglutethimide (Cytadren) and can achieve a high degree of estrogen blockade, much moreso than Cytadren. It is possible to reduce estrogen too much with Arimidex, and for this reason blood tests, or less preferably salivary tests, should be taken after the first week of use to determine if the dosing is correct.
Appearance: Off-white crystalline powder
Packing: Aluminum foil bag+cardboard box, 100 grams/bag; 500 grams/bag; 1kg/bag
Used: Raw material powder
Min. Order quantity: 5g
Terms of payment: T/T, Western Union, Money Gram
Way of shipping: EMS, DHL, FedEx, UPS
Product info.
No Side Effect Arimidex Steroid Healthly Anti Estrogen Hormone
Anastrozole Arimidex is a non-steroidal drug which is used to treat breast cancer. It has been thoroughly studied in women with breast cancer between the 5th-8th decades of life. There are some breast cancers which are dependent on estrogen for their growth. Arimidex acts by suppressing the levels of estrogen in the body and thus reduces the growth of breast cancer. The drug is first line treatment in post menopausal women with early breast cancer or in those with advanced breast cancer despite taking tamoxifen. Arimidex is often combined with other drugs to treat breast cancer in post menopausal women. The drug has been used to treat early or advanced breast cancer in women all cultures and races.β-agonist Powder
The trial suggested that is the preferred medical therapy for Postmenopausal women with localized breast cancer that is estrogen receptor (ER) positive.
Three azole potent selective aromatase inhibitors, which inhibit rely on aromatase cytochrome P -450 to block estrogen biosynthesis, and the main factors of estrogen to stimulate breast cancer cell growth. It can treat breast cancer, especially suitable for those who relapse after treatment with hormone auxiliary advanced breast cancer after menopause women.
Packing: Aluminum foil bag+cardboard box, 100 grams/bag; 500 grams/bag; 1kg/bag
Used: Raw material powder
Min. Order quantity: 5g
Terms of payment: T/T, Western Union, Money Gram
Way of shipping: EMS, DHL, FedEx, UPS
Product info.
No Side Effect Arimidex Steroid Healthly Anti Estrogen Hormone
Anastrozole Arimidex is a non-steroidal drug which is used to treat breast cancer. It has been thoroughly studied in women with breast cancer between the 5th-8th decades of life. There are some breast cancers which are dependent on estrogen for their growth. Arimidex acts by suppressing the levels of estrogen in the body and thus reduces the growth of breast cancer. The drug is first line treatment in post menopausal women with early breast cancer or in those with advanced breast cancer despite taking tamoxifen. Arimidex is often combined with other drugs to treat breast cancer in post menopausal women. The drug has been used to treat early or advanced breast cancer in women all cultures and races.β-agonist Powder
The trial suggested that is the preferred medical therapy for Postmenopausal women with localized breast cancer that is estrogen receptor (ER) positive.
Three azole potent selective aromatase inhibitors, which inhibit rely on aromatase cytochrome P -450 to block estrogen biosynthesis, and the main factors of estrogen to stimulate breast cancer cell growth. It can treat breast cancer, especially suitable for those who relapse after treatment with hormone auxiliary advanced breast cancer after menopause women.
The chemical name for Timolol maleate is
(S)-1-[(1,1-dimethylethyl)amino]-3-[[4-(4-morpholinyl)-1,2,5-thiadiazol-3-yl]oxy]-2-propanol
(Z)-2-butenedioate (1:1) salt. It possesses an asymmetric carbon atom
in its structure and is provided as the levo isomer. Its molecular
formula is C13H24N4O3S•C4H4O4and its structural formula is:
Timolol maleate has a molecular weight of 432.50. It is a white, odorless, crystalline powder which is soluble in water, methanol, and alcohol.Timolol maleate is supplied as tablets containing 5 mg, 10 mg and 20 mg Timolol maleate for oral administration. Inactive ingredients are: colloidal silicon dioxide, croscarmellose sodium, magnesium stearate, microcrystalline cellulose, pregelatinized maize starch, sodium lauryl sulfate.Timolol
CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY
Timolol maleate is a beta1 and beta2 (nonselective) adrenergic receptor blocking agent that does not have significant intrinsic sympathomimetic, direct myocardial depressant, or local anesthetic activity.
Pharmacodynamics
Clinical pharmacology studies have confirmed the beta-adrenergic blocking activity as shown by (1) changes in resting heart rate and response of heart rate to changes in posture; (2) inhibition of isoproterenol-induced tachycardia; (3) alteration of the response to the Valsalva maneuver and amyl nitrite administration; and (4) reduction of heart rate and blood pressure changes on exercise.
Timolol decreases the positive chronotropic, positive inotropic, bronchodilator, and vasodilator responses caused by beta-adrenergic receptor agonists. The magnitude of this decreased response is proportional to the existing sympathetic tone and the concentration of Timolol at receptor sites.In normal volunteers, the reduction in heart rate response to a standard exercise was dose dependent over the test range of 0.5 to 20 mg, with a peak reduction at 2 hours of approximately 30% at higher doses.
Beta-adrenergic receptor blockade reduces cardiac output in both healthy subjects and patients with heart disease. In patients with severe impairment of myocardial function beta-adrenergic receptor blockade may inhibit the stimulatory effect of the sympathetic nervous system necessary to maintain adequate cardiac function.
Beta-adrenergic receptor blockade in the bronchi and bronchioles results in increased airway resistance from unopposed parasympathetic activity. Such an effect in patients with asthma or other bronchospastic conditions is potentially dangerous.
Clinical studies indicate that Timolol maleate at a dosage of 20 to 60 mg/day reduces blood pressure without causing postural hypotension in most patients with essential hypertension. Administration of Timolol to patients with hypertension results initially in a decrease in cardiac output, little immediate change in blood pressure, and an increase in calculated peripheral resistance. With continued administration of Timolol, blood pressure decreases within a few days, cardiac output usually remains reduced, and peripheral resistance falls toward pretreatment levels. Plasma volume may decrease or remain unchanged during therapy with Timolol. In the majority of patients with hypertension Timolol also decreases plasma renin activity. Dosage adjustment to achieve optimal antihypertensive effect may require a few weeks. When therapy with Timolol is discontinued, the blood pressure tends to return to pretreatment levels gradually. In most patients the antihypertensive activity of Timolol is maintained with long-term therapy and is well tolerated.
The mechanism of the antihypertensive effects of beta-adrenergic receptor blocking agents is not established at this time. Possible mechanisms of action include reduction in cardiac output, reduction in plasma renin activity, and a central nervous system sympatholytic action.
A Norwegian multi-center, double-blind study, which included patients 20 to 75 years of age, compared the effects of Timolol maleate with placebo in 1,884 patients who had survived the acute phase of a myocardial infarction. Patients with systolic blood pressure below 100 mm Hg, sick sinus syndrome and contraindications to beta-blockers, including uncontrolled heart failure, second- or third-degree AV block and bradycardia (< 50 beats per minute), were excluded from the multi-center trial. Therapy with Timolol, begun 7 to 28 days following infarction, was shown to reduce overall mortality; this was primarily attributable to a reduction in cardiovascular mortality. Timolol significantly reduced the incidence of sudden deaths (deaths occurring without symptoms or within 24 hours of the onset of symptoms), including those occurring within one hour, and particularly instantaneous deaths (those occurring without preceding symptoms). The protective effect of Timolol was consistent regardless of age, sex or site of infarction. The effect was clearest in patients with a first infarction who were considered at a high risk of dying, defined as those with one or more of the following characteristics during the acute phase: transient left ventricular failure, cardiomegaly, newly appearing atrial fibrillation or flutter, systolic hypotension, or SGOT (ASAT) levels greater than four times the upper limit of normal. Therapy with Timolol also reduced the incidence of nonfatal reinfarction. The mechanism of the protective effect of Timolol is unknown.
Timolol was studied for the prophylactic treatment of migraine headache in placebo-controlled clinical trials involving 400 patients, mostly women between the ages of 18 and 66 years. Common migraine was the most frequent diagnosis. All patients had at least two headaches per month at baseline. Approximately 50 percent of patients who received Timolol had a reduction in the frequency of migraine headache of at least 50 percent, compared to a similar decrease in frequency in 30 percent of patients receiving placebo. The most common cardiovascular adverse effect was bradycardia (5
.
Timolol maleate has a molecular weight of 432.50. It is a white, odorless, crystalline powder which is soluble in water, methanol, and alcohol.Timolol maleate is supplied as tablets containing 5 mg, 10 mg and 20 mg Timolol maleate for oral administration. Inactive ingredients are: colloidal silicon dioxide, croscarmellose sodium, magnesium stearate, microcrystalline cellulose, pregelatinized maize starch, sodium lauryl sulfate.Timolol
CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY
Timolol maleate is a beta1 and beta2 (nonselective) adrenergic receptor blocking agent that does not have significant intrinsic sympathomimetic, direct myocardial depressant, or local anesthetic activity.
Pharmacodynamics
Clinical pharmacology studies have confirmed the beta-adrenergic blocking activity as shown by (1) changes in resting heart rate and response of heart rate to changes in posture; (2) inhibition of isoproterenol-induced tachycardia; (3) alteration of the response to the Valsalva maneuver and amyl nitrite administration; and (4) reduction of heart rate and blood pressure changes on exercise.
Timolol decreases the positive chronotropic, positive inotropic, bronchodilator, and vasodilator responses caused by beta-adrenergic receptor agonists. The magnitude of this decreased response is proportional to the existing sympathetic tone and the concentration of Timolol at receptor sites.In normal volunteers, the reduction in heart rate response to a standard exercise was dose dependent over the test range of 0.5 to 20 mg, with a peak reduction at 2 hours of approximately 30% at higher doses.
Beta-adrenergic receptor blockade reduces cardiac output in both healthy subjects and patients with heart disease. In patients with severe impairment of myocardial function beta-adrenergic receptor blockade may inhibit the stimulatory effect of the sympathetic nervous system necessary to maintain adequate cardiac function.
Beta-adrenergic receptor blockade in the bronchi and bronchioles results in increased airway resistance from unopposed parasympathetic activity. Such an effect in patients with asthma or other bronchospastic conditions is potentially dangerous.
Clinical studies indicate that Timolol maleate at a dosage of 20 to 60 mg/day reduces blood pressure without causing postural hypotension in most patients with essential hypertension. Administration of Timolol to patients with hypertension results initially in a decrease in cardiac output, little immediate change in blood pressure, and an increase in calculated peripheral resistance. With continued administration of Timolol, blood pressure decreases within a few days, cardiac output usually remains reduced, and peripheral resistance falls toward pretreatment levels. Plasma volume may decrease or remain unchanged during therapy with Timolol. In the majority of patients with hypertension Timolol also decreases plasma renin activity. Dosage adjustment to achieve optimal antihypertensive effect may require a few weeks. When therapy with Timolol is discontinued, the blood pressure tends to return to pretreatment levels gradually. In most patients the antihypertensive activity of Timolol is maintained with long-term therapy and is well tolerated.
The mechanism of the antihypertensive effects of beta-adrenergic receptor blocking agents is not established at this time. Possible mechanisms of action include reduction in cardiac output, reduction in plasma renin activity, and a central nervous system sympatholytic action.
A Norwegian multi-center, double-blind study, which included patients 20 to 75 years of age, compared the effects of Timolol maleate with placebo in 1,884 patients who had survived the acute phase of a myocardial infarction. Patients with systolic blood pressure below 100 mm Hg, sick sinus syndrome and contraindications to beta-blockers, including uncontrolled heart failure, second- or third-degree AV block and bradycardia (< 50 beats per minute), were excluded from the multi-center trial. Therapy with Timolol, begun 7 to 28 days following infarction, was shown to reduce overall mortality; this was primarily attributable to a reduction in cardiovascular mortality. Timolol significantly reduced the incidence of sudden deaths (deaths occurring without symptoms or within 24 hours of the onset of symptoms), including those occurring within one hour, and particularly instantaneous deaths (those occurring without preceding symptoms). The protective effect of Timolol was consistent regardless of age, sex or site of infarction. The effect was clearest in patients with a first infarction who were considered at a high risk of dying, defined as those with one or more of the following characteristics during the acute phase: transient left ventricular failure, cardiomegaly, newly appearing atrial fibrillation or flutter, systolic hypotension, or SGOT (ASAT) levels greater than four times the upper limit of normal. Therapy with Timolol also reduced the incidence of nonfatal reinfarction. The mechanism of the protective effect of Timolol is unknown.
Timolol was studied for the prophylactic treatment of migraine headache in placebo-controlled clinical trials involving 400 patients, mostly women between the ages of 18 and 66 years. Common migraine was the most frequent diagnosis. All patients had at least two headaches per month at baseline. Approximately 50 percent of patients who received Timolol had a reduction in the frequency of migraine headache of at least 50 percent, compared to a similar decrease in frequency in 30 percent of patients receiving placebo. The most common cardiovascular adverse effect was bradycardia (5
.
To compare the clinical efficacy and side effects of terbutaline and
salbutamol administered by metered dose inhaler and holding chamber in
the mild to moderate acute exacerbations of asthma in children. The
study subjects were children in the age group of 5- 15 years who
presented with a mild or moderate acute exacerbation of asthma. Baseline
assessment included clinical parameters and spirometry. Terbutaline powder
The children were then randomized to receive salbutamol or terbutaline. Three puffs each of either 100 mcg salbutamol or 250 mcg of terbutaline were administered using 750 ml holding chamber with valve. Thirty minutes after drug administration, the children were reevaluated for clinical parameters and spirometry. Of the total 60 subjects studied, 31 were administered terbutaline and 29 salbutamol.
The baseline spirometric parameters were comparable. After drug administration, all the studied variables showed significant improvement within each group. However, there were no statistically significant differences when the two groups were compared with each other. There was no significant difference in the side effects between two groups. Terbutaline and salbutamol, when administered by MDI with holding chamber, are equally efficacious in children with mild or moderate acute exacerbation of asthma.
The children were then randomized to receive salbutamol or terbutaline. Three puffs each of either 100 mcg salbutamol or 250 mcg of terbutaline were administered using 750 ml holding chamber with valve. Thirty minutes after drug administration, the children were reevaluated for clinical parameters and spirometry. Of the total 60 subjects studied, 31 were administered terbutaline and 29 salbutamol.
The baseline spirometric parameters were comparable. After drug administration, all the studied variables showed significant improvement within each group. However, there were no statistically significant differences when the two groups were compared with each other. There was no significant difference in the side effects between two groups. Terbutaline and salbutamol, when administered by MDI with holding chamber, are equally efficacious in children with mild or moderate acute exacerbation of asthma.
Women taking a new breast cancer drug are living longer than those taking Tamoxifen - the current 'gold standard' treatment.
Doctors predict the new drug, Arimidex, will improve long-term survival for women using hormonal therapy for the first time in decades.Tamoxifen
Claimed as the biggest breakthrough in treatment for 20 years, it is the first drug to challenge tamoxifen, the standard treatment for postmenopausal women after surgery.
Trial results out yesterday show the risk of a relapse within four years of surgery is cut by almost a fifth more in women taking Arimidex.
Only 413 of 3,125 women taking the new drug had a breast cancer relapse or died compared with 472 of 3,116 women using tamoxifen.
The latest research findings show Arimidex is much more effective than tamoxifen, which is normally used to stop patients successfully treated with surgery from developing a tumour in the other breast.
Previous trial results found that although tamoxifen halves the risk of a new cancer in the other breast - Arimidex halves it again.
Women taking Arimidex also suffer fewer cases of deep vein thrombosis and womb cancer - known sideeffects of tamoxifen use.
Professor Jeffrey Tobias, Professor of Cancer Medicine at University College and Middlesex School of Medicine and one of the trial investigators, said: 'The results show that women taking Arimidex remain disease-free for longer than those on tamoxifen - so far we have observed fewer recurrences and a longer time before relapse in these patients.'
The study of 9,300 post-menopausal women worldwide, including 3,000 Britons, involves women being given Arimidex, tamoxifen or both.
It shows that women with tumours that respond to hormonal therapy have an 18 per cent lower risk of a relapse after about four years of treatment, according to results released at the San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium, Texas.
Doctors predict the new drug, Arimidex, will improve long-term survival for women using hormonal therapy for the first time in decades.Tamoxifen
Claimed as the biggest breakthrough in treatment for 20 years, it is the first drug to challenge tamoxifen, the standard treatment for postmenopausal women after surgery.
Trial results out yesterday show the risk of a relapse within four years of surgery is cut by almost a fifth more in women taking Arimidex.
Only 413 of 3,125 women taking the new drug had a breast cancer relapse or died compared with 472 of 3,116 women using tamoxifen.
The latest research findings show Arimidex is much more effective than tamoxifen, which is normally used to stop patients successfully treated with surgery from developing a tumour in the other breast.
Previous trial results found that although tamoxifen halves the risk of a new cancer in the other breast - Arimidex halves it again.
Women taking Arimidex also suffer fewer cases of deep vein thrombosis and womb cancer - known sideeffects of tamoxifen use.
Professor Jeffrey Tobias, Professor of Cancer Medicine at University College and Middlesex School of Medicine and one of the trial investigators, said: 'The results show that women taking Arimidex remain disease-free for longer than those on tamoxifen - so far we have observed fewer recurrences and a longer time before relapse in these patients.'
The study of 9,300 post-menopausal women worldwide, including 3,000 Britons, involves women being given Arimidex, tamoxifen or both.
It shows that women with tumours that respond to hormonal therapy have an 18 per cent lower risk of a relapse after about four years of treatment, according to results released at the San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium, Texas.
Tamoxifens is very comparable to Clomid, behaves in the same manner in
all tissues, and is a mixed estrogen agonist/antagonist of the same type
as Clomid. The two molecules are also very similar in structure. It is
not correct that Tamoxifens reduces levels of estrogen: Rather, it
blocks estrogen from estrogen receptors and, in those tissues where it
is an antagonist, causes the receptor to do nothing.β-agonist Powder
The claim that Tamoxifens reduces gains should not be taken too seriously. The fact is that any number of bodybuilders have made excellent gains while using Tamoxifens.
The belief that it reduces gains seems to stem from the fact that the scientific literature reports a slight reduction (individuals using anabolic steroids were not studied though) from use of Tamoxifens.
What is it application:
is an antagonist of the estrogen receptor in breast tissue via its active metabolite, hydroxytamoxifens. In other tissues such as the endometrium, it behaves as an agonist, and thus may be characterized as a mixed agonist/antagonist. is the usual endocrine (anti-estrogen) therapy forhormonereceptor-positivebreast cancer in pre-menopausal women, and is also a standard in post-menopausal women although aromatase inhibitors are also frequently used in that setting.
is metabolized into compounds that also bind to the estrogen receptor but do not activate it. Because of this competitive antagonism, acts like a key broken off in the lock that prevents any other key from being inserted, preventing estrogen from binding to its receptor. Hence breast cancer cell growth is blocked.
The note of Tamoxifens:
1. Before using this medicine, tell your doctor about any disease, especially prostate cancer or breast cancer (male), liver, heart, kidney disease, allergies, and enlarged prostate cancer. High - dose, long - term use of male hormones, liver cancer;
2. This medicine can not be used during pregnancy. If you are pregnant or think you may be pregnant, immediately notify your doctor. Breastfeeding at the same time, should avoid using this drug;
3. Women should monitor masculine signs such as deepening of sound, beard, acne, irregular menstruation, or clitoral enlargement. If any of these occurs, consult your doctor in a timely manner;
4. Children should be very cautious, because the drug may have adverse effects on child development. Older men use this drug, there is prostate enlargement or prostate cancer risk.
The claim that Tamoxifens reduces gains should not be taken too seriously. The fact is that any number of bodybuilders have made excellent gains while using Tamoxifens.
The belief that it reduces gains seems to stem from the fact that the scientific literature reports a slight reduction (individuals using anabolic steroids were not studied though) from use of Tamoxifens.
What is it application:
is an antagonist of the estrogen receptor in breast tissue via its active metabolite, hydroxytamoxifens. In other tissues such as the endometrium, it behaves as an agonist, and thus may be characterized as a mixed agonist/antagonist. is the usual endocrine (anti-estrogen) therapy forhormonereceptor-positivebreast cancer in pre-menopausal women, and is also a standard in post-menopausal women although aromatase inhibitors are also frequently used in that setting.
is metabolized into compounds that also bind to the estrogen receptor but do not activate it. Because of this competitive antagonism, acts like a key broken off in the lock that prevents any other key from being inserted, preventing estrogen from binding to its receptor. Hence breast cancer cell growth is blocked.
The note of Tamoxifens:
1. Before using this medicine, tell your doctor about any disease, especially prostate cancer or breast cancer (male), liver, heart, kidney disease, allergies, and enlarged prostate cancer. High - dose, long - term use of male hormones, liver cancer;
2. This medicine can not be used during pregnancy. If you are pregnant or think you may be pregnant, immediately notify your doctor. Breastfeeding at the same time, should avoid using this drug;
3. Women should monitor masculine signs such as deepening of sound, beard, acne, irregular menstruation, or clitoral enlargement. If any of these occurs, consult your doctor in a timely manner;
4. Children should be very cautious, because the drug may have adverse effects on child development. Older men use this drug, there is prostate enlargement or prostate cancer risk.
Albuterol is used to treat or prevent bronchospasm in patients with
asthma, bronchitis, emphysema, and other lung diseases. It is also used
to prevent bronchospasm caused by exercise.β-agonist Powder
Albuterol belongs to the family of medicines known as adrenergic bronchodilators. Adrenergic bronchodilators are medicines that are breathed in through the mouth to open up the bronchial tubes (air passages) in the lungs. They relieve cough, wheezing, shortness of breath, and troubled breathing by increasing the flow of air through the bronchial tubes.
In deciding to use a medicine, the risks of taking the medicine must be weighed against the good it will do. This is a decision you and your doctor will make. For this medicine, the following should be considered:
Allergies
Tell your doctor if you have ever had any unusual or allergic reaction to this medicine or any other medicines. Also tell your health care professional if you have any other types of allergies, such as to foods, dyes, preservatives, or animals. For non-prescription products, read the label or package ingredients carefully.
Pediatric
Appropriate studies performed to date have not demonstrated pediatric-specific problems that would limit the usefulness of albuterol inhalation aerosol (eg, ProAir® HFA, Proventil® HFA) in children 4 years of age and older, albuterol inhalation powder (eg, ProAir® Respiclick®) in children 4 years of age and older, and albuterol inhalation solution (eg, Accuneb®) in children 2 years of age and older. However, safety and efficacy have not been established for the albuterol inhalation aerosol and albuterol inhalation powder in children younger than 4 years of age, and albuterol inhalation solution in children younger than 2 years of age.
Geriatric
Appropriate studies have not been performed on the relationship of age to the effects of Proventil® HFA in the geriatric population. However, elderly patients are more likely to have age-related heart problems, which may require caution in the dose for patients receiving Proventil® HFA.
Appropriate studies performed to date have not demonstrated geriatric-specific problems that would limit the usefulness of ProAir® HFA and ProAir® Respiclick® in geriatric patients. However, elderly patients are more likely to have age-related heart, kidney, or liver problems, which may require caution and an adjustment in the dose for patients receiving ProAir® HFA and ProAir® Respiclick®.
No information is available on the relationship of age to the effects of albuterol inhalation solution (eg, Accuneb®) in geriatric patients.
Albuterol belongs to the family of medicines known as adrenergic bronchodilators. Adrenergic bronchodilators are medicines that are breathed in through the mouth to open up the bronchial tubes (air passages) in the lungs. They relieve cough, wheezing, shortness of breath, and troubled breathing by increasing the flow of air through the bronchial tubes.
In deciding to use a medicine, the risks of taking the medicine must be weighed against the good it will do. This is a decision you and your doctor will make. For this medicine, the following should be considered:
Allergies
Tell your doctor if you have ever had any unusual or allergic reaction to this medicine or any other medicines. Also tell your health care professional if you have any other types of allergies, such as to foods, dyes, preservatives, or animals. For non-prescription products, read the label or package ingredients carefully.
Pediatric
Appropriate studies performed to date have not demonstrated pediatric-specific problems that would limit the usefulness of albuterol inhalation aerosol (eg, ProAir® HFA, Proventil® HFA) in children 4 years of age and older, albuterol inhalation powder (eg, ProAir® Respiclick®) in children 4 years of age and older, and albuterol inhalation solution (eg, Accuneb®) in children 2 years of age and older. However, safety and efficacy have not been established for the albuterol inhalation aerosol and albuterol inhalation powder in children younger than 4 years of age, and albuterol inhalation solution in children younger than 2 years of age.
Geriatric
Appropriate studies have not been performed on the relationship of age to the effects of Proventil® HFA in the geriatric population. However, elderly patients are more likely to have age-related heart problems, which may require caution in the dose for patients receiving Proventil® HFA.
Appropriate studies performed to date have not demonstrated geriatric-specific problems that would limit the usefulness of ProAir® HFA and ProAir® Respiclick® in geriatric patients. However, elderly patients are more likely to have age-related heart, kidney, or liver problems, which may require caution and an adjustment in the dose for patients receiving ProAir® HFA and ProAir® Respiclick®.
No information is available on the relationship of age to the effects of albuterol inhalation solution (eg, Accuneb®) in geriatric patients.
Product Name: Albuterol sulfate
CAS: 51022-70-9
MF: C13H23NO7S
MW: 337.39
EINECS: 242-424-0
Mol File: 51022-70-9.mol
Chemical Properties: White Crystalline Solid
Usage: Adrenergic agonist
Usage: A 2-adrenoceptor agonist. Bronchodilator; tocolytic.
Usage: Bronchodilator, antiasthmatic
Assay: 99%
Packing: 1kg/bag
Albuterol is a bronchodilator that relaxes muscles in the airways and increases air flow to the lungs.Albuterol inhalation is used to treat or prevent bronchospasm in people with reversible obstructive airway disease. It is also used to prevent exercise-induced bronchospasm.Salbutamol
Albuterol sulfate is a prescription medication indicated to treat or prevent airway constriction in people with asthma. This medication is a bronchodilator, which works by relaxing the bronchial muscles within a patient's airways to allow oxygen to reach the lungs. In certain instances, patients can develop allergic reaction symptoms after taking albuterol sulfate for the first time. Affected patients require immediate, emergency medical attention to avoid developing potentially life-threatening medical complications.
Albuterol Sulfateis usually given by the inhaled route for direct effect on bronchial smooth muscle. This is usually achieved through a metered dose inhaler (MDI), nebulizer or other proprietary delivery devices (e.g. Rotahaler or Autohaler). In these forms of delivery, the maximal effect of salbutamol can take place within five to 20 minutes of dosing, though some relief is immediately seen. It can also be given intravenously.Used in the treatment of bronchial asthma, asthmatic bronchitis, emphysema, patients bronchospasm.
CAS: 51022-70-9
MF: C13H23NO7S
MW: 337.39
EINECS: 242-424-0
Mol File: 51022-70-9.mol
Chemical Properties: White Crystalline Solid
Usage: Adrenergic agonist
Usage: A 2-adrenoceptor agonist. Bronchodilator; tocolytic.
Usage: Bronchodilator, antiasthmatic
Assay: 99%
Packing: 1kg/bag
Albuterol is a bronchodilator that relaxes muscles in the airways and increases air flow to the lungs.Albuterol inhalation is used to treat or prevent bronchospasm in people with reversible obstructive airway disease. It is also used to prevent exercise-induced bronchospasm.Salbutamol
Albuterol sulfate is a prescription medication indicated to treat or prevent airway constriction in people with asthma. This medication is a bronchodilator, which works by relaxing the bronchial muscles within a patient's airways to allow oxygen to reach the lungs. In certain instances, patients can develop allergic reaction symptoms after taking albuterol sulfate for the first time. Affected patients require immediate, emergency medical attention to avoid developing potentially life-threatening medical complications.
Albuterol Sulfateis usually given by the inhaled route for direct effect on bronchial smooth muscle. This is usually achieved through a metered dose inhaler (MDI), nebulizer or other proprietary delivery devices (e.g. Rotahaler or Autohaler). In these forms of delivery, the maximal effect of salbutamol can take place within five to 20 minutes of dosing, though some relief is immediately seen. It can also be given intravenously.Used in the treatment of bronchial asthma, asthmatic bronchitis, emphysema, patients bronchospasm.
A single 40-mg dose of oral propranolol, judiciously timed, constitutes
an outside-the-box yet highly promising treatment for anxiety disorders,
and perhaps for posttraumatic stress disorder as well, Marieke Soeter,
PhD, said at the annual congress of the European College of
Neuropsychopharmacology.
The concept here is that the beta-blocker, when given with a brief therapist-led reactivation of a fear memory, blocks beta-adrenergic receptors in the brain so as to interfere with the specific proteins required for reconsolidation of that memory, thereby disrupting the reconsolidation process and neutralizing subsequent expression of that memory in its toxic form. In effect, timely administration of one dose of propranolol, a drug that readily crosses the blood/brain barrier, achieves pharmacologically induced amnesia regarding the learned fear, explained Dr. Soeter, a clinical psychologist at TNO, the Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research, an independent nonprofit translational research organization.Propanolol powder
“It looks like permanent fear erasure. You can never say that something is erased, but we have not been able to get it back,” she said. “Propranolol achieves selective erasure: It targets the emotional component, but knowledge is intact. They know what happened, but they aren’t scared anymore. The fear association is affected, but not the innate fear response to a threat stimulus, so it doesn’t alter reactions to potentially dangerous situations, which is important. If there is a bomb, they still know to run away from it.
This single-session therapy addressing what psychologists call fear memory reconsolidation is totally outside the box relative to contemporary psychotherapy for anxiety disorders, which typically entails gradual fear extinction learning requiring multiple treatment sessions. But contemporary psychotherapy for anxiety disorders leaves much room for improvement, given that up to 60% of patients experience relapse. That’s probably because the original fear memory remains intact and resurfaces at some point despite initial treatment success, according to Dr. Soeter.
Nearly 2 decades ago, other investigators showed in animal studies that fear memories are not necessarily permanent. Rather, they are modifiable, and even erasable, during the vulnerable period that occurs when the memories are reactivated and become labile.
Later, Dr. Soeter – then at the University of Amsterdam – and her colleagues demonstrated the same phenomenon using Pavlovian fear-conditioning techniques involving pictures and electric shocks in healthy human volunteers. They showed that a dose of propranolol given before memory reactivation blocked the fear response, while nadolol, a beta-blocker that does not cross the blood/brain barrier, did not.
However, since the fear memories they could ethically induce in the psychology laboratory are far less intense than those experienced by patients with anxiety disorders, the researchers next conducted a randomized, double-blind clinical trial in 45 individuals with arachnophobia. Fifteen received 40 mg of propranolol after spending 2 minutes in proximity to a large tarantula, 15 got placebo, and another 15 received propranolol without exposure to a tarantula. One week later, all patients who received propranolol with spider exposure were able to approach and actually pet the tarantula. Pharmacologic disruption of reconsolidation and storage of their fear memory had turned avoidance behavior into approach behavior. This benefit was maintained for at least a year after the brief treatment session (Biol Psychiatry. 2015 Dec 15;78[12]:880-6).
The concept here is that the beta-blocker, when given with a brief therapist-led reactivation of a fear memory, blocks beta-adrenergic receptors in the brain so as to interfere with the specific proteins required for reconsolidation of that memory, thereby disrupting the reconsolidation process and neutralizing subsequent expression of that memory in its toxic form. In effect, timely administration of one dose of propranolol, a drug that readily crosses the blood/brain barrier, achieves pharmacologically induced amnesia regarding the learned fear, explained Dr. Soeter, a clinical psychologist at TNO, the Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research, an independent nonprofit translational research organization.Propanolol powder
“It looks like permanent fear erasure. You can never say that something is erased, but we have not been able to get it back,” she said. “Propranolol achieves selective erasure: It targets the emotional component, but knowledge is intact. They know what happened, but they aren’t scared anymore. The fear association is affected, but not the innate fear response to a threat stimulus, so it doesn’t alter reactions to potentially dangerous situations, which is important. If there is a bomb, they still know to run away from it.
This single-session therapy addressing what psychologists call fear memory reconsolidation is totally outside the box relative to contemporary psychotherapy for anxiety disorders, which typically entails gradual fear extinction learning requiring multiple treatment sessions. But contemporary psychotherapy for anxiety disorders leaves much room for improvement, given that up to 60% of patients experience relapse. That’s probably because the original fear memory remains intact and resurfaces at some point despite initial treatment success, according to Dr. Soeter.
Nearly 2 decades ago, other investigators showed in animal studies that fear memories are not necessarily permanent. Rather, they are modifiable, and even erasable, during the vulnerable period that occurs when the memories are reactivated and become labile.
Later, Dr. Soeter – then at the University of Amsterdam – and her colleagues demonstrated the same phenomenon using Pavlovian fear-conditioning techniques involving pictures and electric shocks in healthy human volunteers. They showed that a dose of propranolol given before memory reactivation blocked the fear response, while nadolol, a beta-blocker that does not cross the blood/brain barrier, did not.
However, since the fear memories they could ethically induce in the psychology laboratory are far less intense than those experienced by patients with anxiety disorders, the researchers next conducted a randomized, double-blind clinical trial in 45 individuals with arachnophobia. Fifteen received 40 mg of propranolol after spending 2 minutes in proximity to a large tarantula, 15 got placebo, and another 15 received propranolol without exposure to a tarantula. One week later, all patients who received propranolol with spider exposure were able to approach and actually pet the tarantula. Pharmacologic disruption of reconsolidation and storage of their fear memory had turned avoidance behavior into approach behavior. This benefit was maintained for at least a year after the brief treatment session (Biol Psychiatry. 2015 Dec 15;78[12]:880-6).
Product Name: Indapamide
CAS: 26807-65-8
Standard: Corporate Standard
Natural/Synthetic: Synthetic
Source of extraction: for export only
Level: Pharmaceutical grade
Content: 99%
Appearance: white powder
Packing: 25 / cardboard drum can be split
Field: Diuretic antihypertensive drugs
Deferred Products: Indapamide Tablets, Indapamide Capsules, Indapamide Sustained Release Tablets
Use: For the treatment of mild to moderate essential hypertension
Dosage: Adults: conventional oral dose 1. Hypertension: 2.5mg each time, once daily. It can be increased to 5 mg once daily after 4 weeks. The maintenance dose is 2.5mg each time, every other day. 2. Water and sodium retention: Each 2.5mg, once daily. It can be increased to 5 mg once daily after 1 week. Elderly dose: dosage.
High Quality Indapamide 99% CAS: 26807-65-8
Brief Introduction of Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients Indapamide:
1. Indapamide is a thiazide-like diuretic drug marketed by Servier, generally used in the treatment of hypertension, as well as decompensated heart failure. Combination preparations with perindopril (an ACE inhibitor antihypertensive) are also available.
2. White needle crystal or crystalline powder, odorless, tasteless. It is almost insoluble in water or dilute hydrochloric acid, while it can be dissolved in ethanol or ethyl acetate, and it is soluble in acetone, acetic acid, slightly soluble in chloroform or ether.
3. Indapamide is currently the most popular non-prescription diuretic antihypertensive drug with good efficacy, stable blood pressure, fewer side effects, etc.
Medical Application of Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients Indapamide:
1. This medication is used to treat high blood pressure. Indapamide is also used to reduce extra salt and fluid in the body (edema) caused by a certain heart problem (congestive heart failure). Lowering high blood pressure helps prevent strokes, heart attacks, and kidney problems. Decreasing extra salt and fluid in the body helps to decrease swelling and breathing problems from congestive heart failure and increases your ability to exercise.
2. Indapamide is a "water pill" (diuretic) that increases the amount of urine you make. Getting rid of extra water and salt may help to relax the blood vessels so that bloodcan flow more easily. These effects help to lower blood pressure and decrease the amount of work the heart must do to pump blood.
Function of Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients Indapamide:
1. Indapamide have diuretic and calcium antagonist dual effect by inhibiting the proximal end of the distal convoluted tubule Na+ reabsorption, resulting in diuresis, while by blocking Ca2+ influx especially a higher selectivity for vascular smooth muscle to dilate the small blood vessels of the outer periphery, resulting in antihypertensive effect. But the effect to vascular smooth muscle is stronger than the diuretic effect.
2. It can lower blood pressure with lower dose compared to diuretic effect. Higher dose will display diuretic effect. But there is no disadvantage compared to thiazide diuretics, that it does not cause orthostatic hypotension, flushing and reflex tachycardia, nor blood lipids, glucose metabolism and renal function.
CAS: 26807-65-8
Standard: Corporate Standard
Natural/Synthetic: Synthetic
Source of extraction: for export only
Level: Pharmaceutical grade
Content: 99%
Appearance: white powder
Packing: 25 / cardboard drum can be split
Field: Diuretic antihypertensive drugs
Deferred Products: Indapamide Tablets, Indapamide Capsules, Indapamide Sustained Release Tablets
Use: For the treatment of mild to moderate essential hypertension
Dosage: Adults: conventional oral dose 1. Hypertension: 2.5mg each time, once daily. It can be increased to 5 mg once daily after 4 weeks. The maintenance dose is 2.5mg each time, every other day. 2. Water and sodium retention: Each 2.5mg, once daily. It can be increased to 5 mg once daily after 1 week. Elderly dose: dosage.
High Quality Indapamide 99% CAS: 26807-65-8
Brief Introduction of Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients Indapamide:
1. Indapamide is a thiazide-like diuretic drug marketed by Servier, generally used in the treatment of hypertension, as well as decompensated heart failure. Combination preparations with perindopril (an ACE inhibitor antihypertensive) are also available.
2. White needle crystal or crystalline powder, odorless, tasteless. It is almost insoluble in water or dilute hydrochloric acid, while it can be dissolved in ethanol or ethyl acetate, and it is soluble in acetone, acetic acid, slightly soluble in chloroform or ether.
3. Indapamide is currently the most popular non-prescription diuretic antihypertensive drug with good efficacy, stable blood pressure, fewer side effects, etc.
Medical Application of Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients Indapamide:
1. This medication is used to treat high blood pressure. Indapamide is also used to reduce extra salt and fluid in the body (edema) caused by a certain heart problem (congestive heart failure). Lowering high blood pressure helps prevent strokes, heart attacks, and kidney problems. Decreasing extra salt and fluid in the body helps to decrease swelling and breathing problems from congestive heart failure and increases your ability to exercise.
2. Indapamide is a "water pill" (diuretic) that increases the amount of urine you make. Getting rid of extra water and salt may help to relax the blood vessels so that bloodcan flow more easily. These effects help to lower blood pressure and decrease the amount of work the heart must do to pump blood.
Function of Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients Indapamide:
1. Indapamide have diuretic and calcium antagonist dual effect by inhibiting the proximal end of the distal convoluted tubule Na+ reabsorption, resulting in diuresis, while by blocking Ca2+ influx especially a higher selectivity for vascular smooth muscle to dilate the small blood vessels of the outer periphery, resulting in antihypertensive effect. But the effect to vascular smooth muscle is stronger than the diuretic effect.
2. It can lower blood pressure with lower dose compared to diuretic effect. Higher dose will display diuretic effect. But there is no disadvantage compared to thiazide diuretics, that it does not cause orthostatic hypotension, flushing and reflex tachycardia, nor blood lipids, glucose metabolism and renal function.