User blogs
Cloud-computing giant Web Services could disrupt the information center
hardware market by launching its very own selection of white box network
.
Based on a study within the Information, the organization is evaluating whether or not this should offer it coded in-house to enterprise customers,Enterprise Networking Switches most of which it competes against. Such devices would run open source.
Sources established that AWS could launch a switch range within 18 several weeks.
Despite the fact that at this time the initiative is solely theoretical, this news has had an impact on the marketplace: Bloomberg reported that shares in incumbent networking hardware vendors like 'cisco', Juniper Systems and Arista immediately saw a decline.Undercut and conquer
Networking switch
Thinkstock / kynny
AWS runs the biggest cloud-computing platform on the planet, using more than 50 availability zones (each involving a minumum of one data center), generating more revenue than any one of its competitors.
To save cash on hardware costs, its facilities now utilize simplified commodity hardware produced by original design manufacturers (ODMs) from Asia companies that design and manufacture products based on exact specifications, frequently to become rebranded by another firm for purchase.
Through the years, AWS established close relationships with factories and suppliers, and a person with direct understanding from the cloud unit's plans told The Data that the organization is on the right track to take advantage of individuals relationships
The move would pit it against traditional hardware vendors like 'cisco', Juniper Systems,HPE and Brocade, D-Link and Netgear, to mention a couple of. Among the sources recommended that from AWS might cost 70 to 80 % under comparable from 'cisco'.
The move might be seen as endorsement of open source stacks focused on networking which have been maturing quickly as more vendors decouple their hardware from proprietary software.
A few of the other webscale firms that build their very own include Facebook and LinkedIn. Facebook particularly has shared the designs with the Open Compute Project, so technically, any hardware vendor can take shape a duplicate of their Wedge or Backpack to market around the open market.
Based on a study within the Information, the organization is evaluating whether or not this should offer it coded in-house to enterprise customers,Enterprise Networking Switches most of which it competes against. Such devices would run open source.
Sources established that AWS could launch a switch range within 18 several weeks.
Despite the fact that at this time the initiative is solely theoretical, this news has had an impact on the marketplace: Bloomberg reported that shares in incumbent networking hardware vendors like 'cisco', Juniper Systems and Arista immediately saw a decline.Undercut and conquer
Networking switch
Thinkstock / kynny
AWS runs the biggest cloud-computing platform on the planet, using more than 50 availability zones (each involving a minumum of one data center), generating more revenue than any one of its competitors.
To save cash on hardware costs, its facilities now utilize simplified commodity hardware produced by original design manufacturers (ODMs) from Asia companies that design and manufacture products based on exact specifications, frequently to become rebranded by another firm for purchase.
Through the years, AWS established close relationships with factories and suppliers, and a person with direct understanding from the cloud unit's plans told The Data that the organization is on the right track to take advantage of individuals relationships
The move would pit it against traditional hardware vendors like 'cisco', Juniper Systems,HPE and Brocade, D-Link and Netgear, to mention a couple of. Among the sources recommended that from AWS might cost 70 to 80 % under comparable from 'cisco'.
The move might be seen as endorsement of open source stacks focused on networking which have been maturing quickly as more vendors decouple their hardware from proprietary software.
A few of the other webscale firms that build their very own include Facebook and LinkedIn. Facebook particularly has shared the designs with the Open Compute Project, so technically, any hardware vendor can take shape a duplicate of their Wedge or Backpack to market around the open market.
Skype may be the new trending factor that's existing on the planet. However with that phone track android,
you will find likelihood of cheating and fraud too meaning Skype can be
used for additional bad than good. People apply it cheating their
partners, spouses and just what not. They maintain extra relation using
Skype calls and cheat on their own current partner. Even kids apply it
wrong purposes as well as fall in traps of scams. In cases like this
there's no problem takes desperate measures for example hacking the
Skype. Isn't it about time be wondering that how would you hack the
Skype, if so, only then do we can help you for the reason that situation
and let you know the simplest way to compromise Skype.
About TheTruthSpy for hacking Skype Account Online
To compromise Skype you'll need the aid of TheTruthSpy application which can get you to compromise Skype within the easiest way possible. Follow these simple steps and you'll visit your work getting done-
Step: 1 click that is our official website and download TheTruthSpy application inside your mobile.
Step: 2 now you must to produce an id inside your phone and grant permission that is needed.
Step: 3 now install that application within the target phone’s application whose Skype account you need to hack. Install the application and sign in from id that you simply accustomed to login in your account.
Step: 4 now you must to cover the application in target phone user to ensure that he/she doesn’t know that they're being hacked. This can make sure the secrecy.
After finishing each one of these steps you are able to sign in for your requirements and you'll see all of their details inside your phone. Now you'll be able to determine the Skype calls and messages that are sent and received with that account.
Options that come with TheTruthSpy
There are several capabilities you will get by using TheTruthSpy application. they're:
Call tracking- you're going to get to understand complete information regarding the calls from the target user. You'll even have the ability to begin to see the phone figures along with other details.
Gps navigation locator- this selection is among the best features just like this you'll be able to locate the position of the target user. This selection may also be used for that security purpose.
Social networking hacker- we've apps that may help you not just in hacking Skype but additionally other apps. All you need to do is sign in to on the website and find out what wonderful things are going to for you personally.
SMS spying- this should help you in studying all of the SMS messages from the target user and you'll be in a position to realize that whether your partner is having an affair or otherwise.
All of these features can be found on TheTruthSpy. Lots of people think that it's a bad factor to compromise someone’s Skype account by any means. But they don't realize that if it is accomplished for anything good. Should you hack Skype account of the kid, spouse or partner in order to save them from the or to find out if they're having an affair then it's the best factor to complete.
About TheTruthSpy for hacking Skype Account Online
To compromise Skype you'll need the aid of TheTruthSpy application which can get you to compromise Skype within the easiest way possible. Follow these simple steps and you'll visit your work getting done-
Step: 1 click that is our official website and download TheTruthSpy application inside your mobile.
Step: 2 now you must to produce an id inside your phone and grant permission that is needed.
Step: 3 now install that application within the target phone’s application whose Skype account you need to hack. Install the application and sign in from id that you simply accustomed to login in your account.
Step: 4 now you must to cover the application in target phone user to ensure that he/she doesn’t know that they're being hacked. This can make sure the secrecy.
After finishing each one of these steps you are able to sign in for your requirements and you'll see all of their details inside your phone. Now you'll be able to determine the Skype calls and messages that are sent and received with that account.
Options that come with TheTruthSpy
There are several capabilities you will get by using TheTruthSpy application. they're:
Call tracking- you're going to get to understand complete information regarding the calls from the target user. You'll even have the ability to begin to see the phone figures along with other details.
Gps navigation locator- this selection is among the best features just like this you'll be able to locate the position of the target user. This selection may also be used for that security purpose.
Social networking hacker- we've apps that may help you not just in hacking Skype but additionally other apps. All you need to do is sign in to on the website and find out what wonderful things are going to for you personally.
SMS spying- this should help you in studying all of the SMS messages from the target user and you'll be in a position to realize that whether your partner is having an affair or otherwise.
All of these features can be found on TheTruthSpy. Lots of people think that it's a bad factor to compromise someone’s Skype account by any means. But they don't realize that if it is accomplished for anything good. Should you hack Skype account of the kid, spouse or partner in order to save them from the or to find out if they're having an affair then it's the best factor to complete.
If you think that the partner may be having an affair, you've got a couple of options. You can place a iphone phone track
on his/her vehicle. You can employ a private eye to keep an eye on
their location. Or you might make use of a spy application like
Hoverwatch that allows you to monitor your partner’s phone (or computer)
remotely. In the following paragraphs, I will highlight how you can
catch an unfaithful spouse using Hoverwatch.
What's Hoverwatch?
Hoverwatch is really a hidden spying application you can use on Android, Home windows and Mac. It-not only enables you to read texts, Facebook and WhatsApp messages, but you may also utilize it to record calls, track locations and collect passwords. While you obvious your call history, delete messages, change passwords, etc. the application records everything.
When you install the application in your spouse’s phone or computer, data in the system is secretly delivered to the Hoverwatch server. You are able to track this data by logging to your account online.
Would like to try Hoverwatch? Browse the website here. Hoverwatch’s spouse spy application is free of charge for several days. No charge card needed!
Important: It's illegal to gain access to someone’s mobile phone without permission. If you choose to install Hoverwatch, you need to do so at the own risk.
How you can Monitor Your Spouse’s Phone
All that you should do is install the Hoverwatch application in your spouse’s phone and monitoring his/her location and activity. The application works very well and when it is a component of a telephone, it is not easy to identify.
Step Two
Sign in for your requirements, and install the application for your spouse’s phone - simply stick to the on-screen instructions. Physical use of a telephone is needed to set up Hoverwatch. Installation is easy, and its not necessary for connecting the telephone to some computer. Cellular phone process typically takes under 10 mins. Within my test, it required about 5 minutes
To cover Hoverwatch icon in the phone, make certain this area is checked for “Hide Hoverwatch Icon.’
Step Three
5 to 6 minutes once you install the application, data will begin appearing in your Hoverwatch account. Information in the phone is synced together with your account every 5 minutes.
After that you can monitor your spouse’s activity from Hoverwatch’s Website. Once logged in, you'll be able to see their social networking messages, call logs, texts, contacts, browsing history, along with other information.
Here’s what else Hoverwatch offers and just how it can benefit you catch a spouse:
1. Remotely track your partner’s location. The place tracking feature enables you to identify the real location of the spouse and appearance whether he/she's laying for you. You will see the phone’s current location on the map to determine where they're at any time.
2. The application has call tracking and recording features, which let you monitor the calls made and received around the target phone. You may also hear to calls and obtain details like the timing and time period of the calls.
3. Read their texts and chat messages-even individuals which have been deleted. Mobile spy application also enables you to definitely keep an eye on all of the messages sent and caused by your spouse’s phone. SMS Tracker is really a handy feature to make use of when catching a spouse.
Stalking your husband, wife, girlfriend or boyfriend may appear as an invasion of privacy, however it is needed when you're concerned about their movements and know that they're laying. Regardless if you are concerned about their safety or think they're having an affair, the easiest method to discover is by using a mobile spy software.
What's Hoverwatch?
Hoverwatch is really a hidden spying application you can use on Android, Home windows and Mac. It-not only enables you to read texts, Facebook and WhatsApp messages, but you may also utilize it to record calls, track locations and collect passwords. While you obvious your call history, delete messages, change passwords, etc. the application records everything.
When you install the application in your spouse’s phone or computer, data in the system is secretly delivered to the Hoverwatch server. You are able to track this data by logging to your account online.
Would like to try Hoverwatch? Browse the website here. Hoverwatch’s spouse spy application is free of charge for several days. No charge card needed!
Important: It's illegal to gain access to someone’s mobile phone without permission. If you choose to install Hoverwatch, you need to do so at the own risk.
How you can Monitor Your Spouse’s Phone
All that you should do is install the Hoverwatch application in your spouse’s phone and monitoring his/her location and activity. The application works very well and when it is a component of a telephone, it is not easy to identify.
Step Two
Sign in for your requirements, and install the application for your spouse’s phone - simply stick to the on-screen instructions. Physical use of a telephone is needed to set up Hoverwatch. Installation is easy, and its not necessary for connecting the telephone to some computer. Cellular phone process typically takes under 10 mins. Within my test, it required about 5 minutes
To cover Hoverwatch icon in the phone, make certain this area is checked for “Hide Hoverwatch Icon.’
Step Three
5 to 6 minutes once you install the application, data will begin appearing in your Hoverwatch account. Information in the phone is synced together with your account every 5 minutes.
After that you can monitor your spouse’s activity from Hoverwatch’s Website. Once logged in, you'll be able to see their social networking messages, call logs, texts, contacts, browsing history, along with other information.
Here’s what else Hoverwatch offers and just how it can benefit you catch a spouse:
1. Remotely track your partner’s location. The place tracking feature enables you to identify the real location of the spouse and appearance whether he/she's laying for you. You will see the phone’s current location on the map to determine where they're at any time.
2. The application has call tracking and recording features, which let you monitor the calls made and received around the target phone. You may also hear to calls and obtain details like the timing and time period of the calls.
3. Read their texts and chat messages-even individuals which have been deleted. Mobile spy application also enables you to definitely keep an eye on all of the messages sent and caused by your spouse’s phone. SMS Tracker is really a handy feature to make use of when catching a spouse.
Stalking your husband, wife, girlfriend or boyfriend may appear as an invasion of privacy, however it is needed when you're concerned about their movements and know that they're laying. Regardless if you are concerned about their safety or think they're having an affair, the easiest method to discover is by using a mobile spy software.
iphone phone tracking
aren't on Google Play or even the Apple Application Store, so it's
important to visit the application company’s web site to download
them.Cellular phone process will differ based on which software you use
and which kind of phone you need to do the installation on.
What should i do before installing a spy application? You have to have the target device to be able to install the application. Make certain the application works with the telephone you need to monitor. A web connection (cellular or Wi-Fi connection). Installing the Spy Application on Android Devices Need to know how you can use a spy application with an Android phone? Well, here’s how to get it done:
Step One: Enable installing apps from unknown sources.
Step Two: Open the phone’s internet browser and go into the direct download URL for that spy app’s APK file.
Step Three: Once downloaded, you have to run the file and stick to the on-screen prompts to set up the application on the telephone.
Step Four: When you install the application, open it up and enter your activation code.
Once that’s done, you can monitor, track and control the telephone via a Web-based portal.
This video will highlight how you can install the mSpy application with an Android device.
nstalling the Spy Application on iPhones
Please be aware that the spy application only creates iPhones which have been jailbroken. Jailbreaking an apple iphone enables you to definitely install apps that aren't obtainable in the Application Store. After you have effectively performed a jailbreak on their own iPhone, after you are prepared to install the application.
Step One: Open Cydia and navigate to Sources > Edit > Add and go into the download URL.
Step Two: Tap Add Source and wait for a source to become added. When finished, tap Go back to Cydia.
Step Three: Choose the recently added source, and tap Install.
Step Four: Once installed, open the application and enter your activation code. When the application is activated, you can remotely monitor and track the phone’s activity.
Important - You can't install mobile phone spy software remotely, and you must have physical accessibility phone. All iOS devices (iPhone, iPad, ipod device Touch) have to be jailbroken to be able to install and employ the spy application. However, if you would like to monitor an iOS device without requiring to jailbreak it, you should use the mSpy No Jailbreak Solution. This method requires iCloud credentials.
How lengthy will it decide to try use a spy application?
Cellular phone process often takes something similar to 10-20 minutes.
Should i root the telephone to make use of the application?
No, you don't need to root the telephone to use the application. Most spy apps works on rooted and non-rooted phones though rooted phone you'll be able to watch email and instant message apps.
Could it be invisible?
Yes, spy apps are created to be invisible towards the phone’s user. The application hides without anyone's knowledge and tracks everything they are doing online.
Could it be legal to set up a mobile phone spy software on another person's phone?
It's illegal to set up mobile phone spy software on the phone that you don't own. You are able to legally monitor your kids’ mobile phones should you purchase them, but monitoring your partner is really a different matter. You might like to look at your local laws and regulations before installing any spy software.
What should i do before installing a spy application? You have to have the target device to be able to install the application. Make certain the application works with the telephone you need to monitor. A web connection (cellular or Wi-Fi connection). Installing the Spy Application on Android Devices Need to know how you can use a spy application with an Android phone? Well, here’s how to get it done:
Step One: Enable installing apps from unknown sources.
Step Two: Open the phone’s internet browser and go into the direct download URL for that spy app’s APK file.
Step Three: Once downloaded, you have to run the file and stick to the on-screen prompts to set up the application on the telephone.
Step Four: When you install the application, open it up and enter your activation code.
Once that’s done, you can monitor, track and control the telephone via a Web-based portal.
This video will highlight how you can install the mSpy application with an Android device.
nstalling the Spy Application on iPhones
Please be aware that the spy application only creates iPhones which have been jailbroken. Jailbreaking an apple iphone enables you to definitely install apps that aren't obtainable in the Application Store. After you have effectively performed a jailbreak on their own iPhone, after you are prepared to install the application.
Step One: Open Cydia and navigate to Sources > Edit > Add and go into the download URL.
Step Two: Tap Add Source and wait for a source to become added. When finished, tap Go back to Cydia.
Step Three: Choose the recently added source, and tap Install.
Step Four: Once installed, open the application and enter your activation code. When the application is activated, you can remotely monitor and track the phone’s activity.
Important - You can't install mobile phone spy software remotely, and you must have physical accessibility phone. All iOS devices (iPhone, iPad, ipod device Touch) have to be jailbroken to be able to install and employ the spy application. However, if you would like to monitor an iOS device without requiring to jailbreak it, you should use the mSpy No Jailbreak Solution. This method requires iCloud credentials.
How lengthy will it decide to try use a spy application?
Cellular phone process often takes something similar to 10-20 minutes.
Should i root the telephone to make use of the application?
No, you don't need to root the telephone to use the application. Most spy apps works on rooted and non-rooted phones though rooted phone you'll be able to watch email and instant message apps.
Could it be invisible?
Yes, spy apps are created to be invisible towards the phone’s user. The application hides without anyone's knowledge and tracks everything they are doing online.
Could it be legal to set up a mobile phone spy software on another person's phone?
It's illegal to set up mobile phone spy software on the phone that you don't own. You are able to legally monitor your kids’ mobile phones should you purchase them, but monitoring your partner is really a different matter. You might like to look at your local laws and regulations before installing any spy software.
Best data recovery software free download full version with crack demonstrate
your product/service's value. When it comes to convincing a reluctant customer
to make a purchase, flowery, glowing praise for your product or service is only
going to get you so far. To really get the customer on your side, show your
customer how the thing you're selling will make their life better. Pull up the
File Locations tab. Display this tab by simply clicking on itunes backup location windows 10. You will
see a list of File Types and their corresponding locations. This won't fix any
mechanical problems with the drive, but if the problem is in the USB/FW bridge,
then it should do the trick.
If the problem is mechanical in nature, then I'm
afraid you'll have to leave any data best data recovery software free
download full version with crack recovery efforts to professionals, or
at least to people who are way more hardcore about this kind of thing than I am.
Also, of course, this is all assuming you backup software for windows 10 have the
kind of computer that you can actually open up and pull IDE cables in (so not an
iMac, basically =P). Well, you can set a higher number of replicas so you will
have more copies on your full cluster, and they will not be assigned when you
take nodes down. Then you will have to set some stuff to make ES ignore the
missing replicas.
I guess it possible to do, I don know how much recommended, In
order to tackle this problem i started reading on the subject, i've read
CodeComplete2, Pragmatic Programmer and The Mythical Man-month. I think i've
grabbed the concepts behind preparing and analysing a new project but i'm
lacking practical examples. Does anyone know of an example technical analysis or
extensive project brief that i can take a look at in order to better put the
stuff i've read to practice? I'm a big fan of learn-by-example, best
data recovery software free download full version with crack no need to
say that :).
Other times, the drive won make any sound but it will not work
because of a mechanical or bad sector problem. The backup software for windows 10 hard disk can also create problem when a virus attacks it. Some
other situations may be a bad or burnt component on the drive, bad data or power
cable or bad controller on the motherboard, Be disruptive. Delete certain tapes.
Try to mess things up. My shot is that, as with most NAS, it uses Linux Ext3
file system. If this is true, you should NOT do anything with it under Windows.
You can't fix it from there and you surely can make things much worse (a good
example is a system that claims that disk or partition full of data is empty),
What you are asking for is called UMS or USB Mass Storage.
On newer devices, this often got replaced by MTP (Media Transfer Protocol) for several good reasons. Both protocols have their pros and cons. To correctly merge two database which are using autogenerated (non_GUID) keys, you need to take several steps. First add a new autogenerated key to the parent table, then import all the data from both tables, rename the old the old is file to ID_old and rename the new files to the old id name. At this point you can then move onthe the child tables best data recovery software free download full version with crack.
T
Gaining optimum control over an entire facility requires multiple levels
of analytic instrumentation and software systems working in concert. At
the most basic levels, it involves analyzing the chemistry of source
water entering a plant and effluent leaving it. At higher levels, it
means applying discrete measurements taken from multiple in-line
instruments and analyzers to drive treatment processes for more
cost-effective performance. At the highest levels, chemical water treatment extends to managing not only the process flow of a facility, but also asset maintenance and management.
Instrumentation. Balancing chemical compositions and reactions in the water flow depends upon accurate readings from a variety of measurement and analysis instruments (e.g., flow meters, turbidity analyzers, pH analyzers, dissolved oxygen [DO] sensors, etc.). Whenever possible, choose designs that maintain tight tolerances, offer robust design to withstand harsh water conditions, provide reliable readings in real time, and interface well with higher-level control systems.
Asset Optimization. Producing the best possible outcome from a treatment process involves exploiting the accurate, real-time data provided by in-line instrumentation. Look for system solutions that offer maximum flexibility for the nature of the process, the work environment, and the people who need to monitor and interact with it.
Asset Management. Once control systems are fine-tuned to optimize process efficiency, it pays to focus attention on higher-level analytics to derive maximum value from plant infrastructure. This means monitoring and managing equipment for long, trouble-free performance life, a high return on investment (ROI), and lowest total cost of ownership (TCO).
Target Essential Analytic And Control Goals
Varying source water profiles — in terms of total organic carbon (TOC), pH, turbidity, etc. — provide different water treatment challenges. Whatever the water chemistry being measured or the sensing technology used, solutions that provide real-time in-situ sampling and share data automatically with plant control systems provide tangible benefits:
Speed Of Response. Choosing instrumentation that provides the quickest access to data that defines process flow conditions and enables the quickest decision-making for maximum efficiency is the first step to cost efficiency.
Continuous Regulatory Compliance. Knowing the composition of source water and treated water is critical wherever water chemistry adjustments are needed to meet compliance guidelines, avoid penalties for noncompliance, or simply provide the best looking, best tasting water quality practical.
Efficient And Effective Energy And Chemical Use. Even with the best instrumentation providing the most accurate, up-to-the-minute readings, waiting to identify and react to real-world conditions after the fact can let some opportunities for efficiency slip through the cracks. Enterprise software for distributed control and asset management can react to the slightest changes in water chemistries, as well as project future trends in equipment life, to guide optimal decision-making for overall best control and operating efficiency.
Instrumentation. Balancing chemical compositions and reactions in the water flow depends upon accurate readings from a variety of measurement and analysis instruments (e.g., flow meters, turbidity analyzers, pH analyzers, dissolved oxygen [DO] sensors, etc.). Whenever possible, choose designs that maintain tight tolerances, offer robust design to withstand harsh water conditions, provide reliable readings in real time, and interface well with higher-level control systems.
Asset Optimization. Producing the best possible outcome from a treatment process involves exploiting the accurate, real-time data provided by in-line instrumentation. Look for system solutions that offer maximum flexibility for the nature of the process, the work environment, and the people who need to monitor and interact with it.
Asset Management. Once control systems are fine-tuned to optimize process efficiency, it pays to focus attention on higher-level analytics to derive maximum value from plant infrastructure. This means monitoring and managing equipment for long, trouble-free performance life, a high return on investment (ROI), and lowest total cost of ownership (TCO).
Target Essential Analytic And Control Goals
Varying source water profiles — in terms of total organic carbon (TOC), pH, turbidity, etc. — provide different water treatment challenges. Whatever the water chemistry being measured or the sensing technology used, solutions that provide real-time in-situ sampling and share data automatically with plant control systems provide tangible benefits:
Speed Of Response. Choosing instrumentation that provides the quickest access to data that defines process flow conditions and enables the quickest decision-making for maximum efficiency is the first step to cost efficiency.
Continuous Regulatory Compliance. Knowing the composition of source water and treated water is critical wherever water chemistry adjustments are needed to meet compliance guidelines, avoid penalties for noncompliance, or simply provide the best looking, best tasting water quality practical.
Efficient And Effective Energy And Chemical Use. Even with the best instrumentation providing the most accurate, up-to-the-minute readings, waiting to identify and react to real-world conditions after the fact can let some opportunities for efficiency slip through the cracks. Enterprise software for distributed control and asset management can react to the slightest changes in water chemistries, as well as project future trends in equipment life, to guide optimal decision-making for overall best control and operating efficiency.
Plumbers are already pumping, pressurizing and heating water, water treatment but how much do they know about water quality and how to properly treat water to solve problems in the modern home?
Water in the residences and businesses where your customers live and work touches the pipes, plumbing fixtures, and hot water heaters, as well as dishwashers and washing machines. Something as basic as elevated hardness could easily cause problems for your customers, especially if they have high-efficiency appliances and low-flow fixtures in their household.
Problem water can create issues that lead to unwanted, additional service calls for your business. But, when you take the mysteries out of the water and gain an understanding of the science behind how to treat it, you’ll become a much better contractor — and your customers will benefit from having a local water quality expert.
Arming yourself with knowledge is the first step in becoming familiar with the best practices of water treatment. Here’s a high-level explanation of two of the most common factors in water quality: hardness and corrosion.
Water is considered “hard” when it contains metal ions, or minerals, which are dissolved in groundwater. That includes calcium, magnesium and iron. Although hardness levels vary greatly by region, most homes with private wells have hard water, and many homes on municipal water do, too. In fact, more than 80% of households in the U.S. have hard water.
The biggest issue with hard water is the deposit it leaves behind. This causes excessive soap scum, clogs pipes and fixtures, wears down appliances, and creates many other headaches for homeowners.
Water softeners remove hard minerals through an ion exchange process. Water softening resin is charged with sodium, which is exchanged for the calcium and magnesium that is retained inside the softener. This creates the soft water that is ideal for cleaning and bathing.
When it comes to iron, typical softening may not do the trick. In some cases, ferrous iron, which is dissolved and colorless in the water, needs to be oxidized so it turns into a particle (ferric) and can be filtered out of the water.
Water in the residences and businesses where your customers live and work touches the pipes, plumbing fixtures, and hot water heaters, as well as dishwashers and washing machines. Something as basic as elevated hardness could easily cause problems for your customers, especially if they have high-efficiency appliances and low-flow fixtures in their household.
Problem water can create issues that lead to unwanted, additional service calls for your business. But, when you take the mysteries out of the water and gain an understanding of the science behind how to treat it, you’ll become a much better contractor — and your customers will benefit from having a local water quality expert.
Arming yourself with knowledge is the first step in becoming familiar with the best practices of water treatment. Here’s a high-level explanation of two of the most common factors in water quality: hardness and corrosion.
Water is considered “hard” when it contains metal ions, or minerals, which are dissolved in groundwater. That includes calcium, magnesium and iron. Although hardness levels vary greatly by region, most homes with private wells have hard water, and many homes on municipal water do, too. In fact, more than 80% of households in the U.S. have hard water.
The biggest issue with hard water is the deposit it leaves behind. This causes excessive soap scum, clogs pipes and fixtures, wears down appliances, and creates many other headaches for homeowners.
Water softeners remove hard minerals through an ion exchange process. Water softening resin is charged with sodium, which is exchanged for the calcium and magnesium that is retained inside the softener. This creates the soft water that is ideal for cleaning and bathing.
When it comes to iron, typical softening may not do the trick. In some cases, ferrous iron, which is dissolved and colorless in the water, needs to be oxidized so it turns into a particle (ferric) and can be filtered out of the water.
A ballast water treatment system is a major investment, HEDP
but also one that is crucial for vessel operations. If the system is
unable to comply as planned, the vessel’s ability to do business will be
crippled. This has led some ship owners to replace their existing
choice of UV ballast water treatment system with another UV technology:
Alfa Laval PureBallast 3.
“We increasingly see owners with second thoughts about other UV solutions, even after those systems have been ordered,” says Anders Lindmark, Head of Alfa Laval PureBallast. “Customers want the peace of mind that PureBallast 3 offers, especially if they sail in United States waters.”
Systems on four vessels changed to PureBallast 3
Recently, two cruise ship owners took steps to exchange their procured UV ballast water treatment systems for PureBallast 3, which is type approved by both IMO and the U.S. Coast Guard (USCG). In both cases, the original system’s lack of USCG type approval was a decisive factor.
In an order for two newbuild vessels, MSC Cruises switched to PureBallast 3 Compact systems, which are delivered ready-assembled as skid-mounted modules. Each system will handle a flow of 170 m3/h. “After a retrofit project and installation on board our managed vessels, we have positive feedback from our crew about the simplicity of the installation and the very user-friendly system,” says Raffaele Pollio, Vice President Engine Operations at MSC Cruise Management Limited. “In addition, the USCG certification is what we really need, considering our vessels’ trading areas.”
Regent Seven Seas Cruises also modified orders for two newbuilds. The company will now install PureBallast 3 Compact Flex systems for 500 m3/h each, delivered as loose components. “USCG type approval is an important part of the technical specification,” says Paolo Mele, SVP Technical Operations at Regent Seven Seas Cruises. “We have positive experience with Alfa Laval from retrofits in previous years, and Alfa Laval’s offer was competitive for the shipyard.”
Numerous reasons for turning to Alfa Laval
According to Anders Lindmark, USCG type approval is one of many reasons why customers are moving to PureBallast 3 from other UV treatment solutions. “If a system lacks USCG type approval, it limits the vessel’s freedom of movement,” he says. “But the same is true if it has poor filter performance, which can handicap the vessel in muddier waters. Many ship owners have experienced clogging with other systems, so they see an advantage in PureBallast 3, which has a high-end filter with enhanced cleaning capabilities.”
Switching to PureBallast 3 from other UV systems is generally easy, he adds, because its optimized design simplifies integration and installation. “The flexibility of PureBallast 3 minimizes the need for vessel modifications, and even maintenance space is well accounted for,” he explains. “That ensures both installation ease and later accessibility.”
Even more important for many customers is the access to service resources, which Alfa Laval provides through its own network – rather than through agents. “When customers choose PureBallast 3, they can rely on a complete global service organization, staffed by trained Alfa Laval service personnel,” says Lindmark. “They don’t have to turn to third parties, who may lack the insight, experience or reach to secure compliance. As the importance of long-term partnership grows more evident, that in itself can be a reason for switching to Alfa Laval.”
“We increasingly see owners with second thoughts about other UV solutions, even after those systems have been ordered,” says Anders Lindmark, Head of Alfa Laval PureBallast. “Customers want the peace of mind that PureBallast 3 offers, especially if they sail in United States waters.”
Systems on four vessels changed to PureBallast 3
Recently, two cruise ship owners took steps to exchange their procured UV ballast water treatment systems for PureBallast 3, which is type approved by both IMO and the U.S. Coast Guard (USCG). In both cases, the original system’s lack of USCG type approval was a decisive factor.
In an order for two newbuild vessels, MSC Cruises switched to PureBallast 3 Compact systems, which are delivered ready-assembled as skid-mounted modules. Each system will handle a flow of 170 m3/h. “After a retrofit project and installation on board our managed vessels, we have positive feedback from our crew about the simplicity of the installation and the very user-friendly system,” says Raffaele Pollio, Vice President Engine Operations at MSC Cruise Management Limited. “In addition, the USCG certification is what we really need, considering our vessels’ trading areas.”
Regent Seven Seas Cruises also modified orders for two newbuilds. The company will now install PureBallast 3 Compact Flex systems for 500 m3/h each, delivered as loose components. “USCG type approval is an important part of the technical specification,” says Paolo Mele, SVP Technical Operations at Regent Seven Seas Cruises. “We have positive experience with Alfa Laval from retrofits in previous years, and Alfa Laval’s offer was competitive for the shipyard.”
Numerous reasons for turning to Alfa Laval
According to Anders Lindmark, USCG type approval is one of many reasons why customers are moving to PureBallast 3 from other UV treatment solutions. “If a system lacks USCG type approval, it limits the vessel’s freedom of movement,” he says. “But the same is true if it has poor filter performance, which can handicap the vessel in muddier waters. Many ship owners have experienced clogging with other systems, so they see an advantage in PureBallast 3, which has a high-end filter with enhanced cleaning capabilities.”
Switching to PureBallast 3 from other UV systems is generally easy, he adds, because its optimized design simplifies integration and installation. “The flexibility of PureBallast 3 minimizes the need for vessel modifications, and even maintenance space is well accounted for,” he explains. “That ensures both installation ease and later accessibility.”
Even more important for many customers is the access to service resources, which Alfa Laval provides through its own network – rather than through agents. “When customers choose PureBallast 3, they can rely on a complete global service organization, staffed by trained Alfa Laval service personnel,” says Lindmark. “They don’t have to turn to third parties, who may lack the insight, experience or reach to secure compliance. As the importance of long-term partnership grows more evident, that in itself can be a reason for switching to Alfa Laval.”
Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) has a proven record of aiding in
the protection of water treatment pipes and equipment. Bell Chem, the
water treatment chemical supplier you can trust in Central Florida,
carries this HEDP for its ability to effectively sequester metals within pipes.
Deposition is a fact of life for water treatment plants. Water purity determines the likelihood of deposits left within the boilers and other portions of the feed lines. When feedwater contains even the slightest amount of impurity, the possibility of buildup along any metal surface is almost guaranteed.
Contaminants common in feedwater include metals (magnesium, copper, iron, aluminum), nonmetals (calcium and silica), silt, and oil. These categories are identified as either scale or sludge. Scale is formed by salt crystals that adhere to surfaces while sludge precipitates outside the water treatment system and is transported to the metal surface of the treatment system by means of incoming water.
Scale formations are soluble until they concentrate due to the high heat transfer rates that drive evaporation. Because the crystalline structure of scale is homogeneous, different areas of scale may have completely different chemical compositions and require varied methods of removal. Both metals (magnesium, aluminum, and iron) and nonmetals (calcium, silica, and occasionally sodium) can create scale. Scale forms extremely slowly, which causes the buildup to be hard, dense, and well defined, giving scale the ability to withstand most mechanical and chemical cleaning.
Sludge deposits may also prove to be dense, hard, and difficult to remove, especially after exposure to extreme heat levels, which bakes the sludge onto the surface of the water treatment equipment. Baked sludge is similar to scale in its tenaciousness.
Once either sludge or scale forms inside a facility, the chemical contaminants attract like chemicals. This results in larger and larger patches of affected metal. These accumulations inside pipes can significantly increase water pressure because the diameter of the pipes diminishes, causing overheating and, especially with salts, corrosion. Removing scale and sludge results in facility downtime.
Deposition is a fact of life for water treatment plants. Water purity determines the likelihood of deposits left within the boilers and other portions of the feed lines. When feedwater contains even the slightest amount of impurity, the possibility of buildup along any metal surface is almost guaranteed.
Contaminants common in feedwater include metals (magnesium, copper, iron, aluminum), nonmetals (calcium and silica), silt, and oil. These categories are identified as either scale or sludge. Scale is formed by salt crystals that adhere to surfaces while sludge precipitates outside the water treatment system and is transported to the metal surface of the treatment system by means of incoming water.
Scale formations are soluble until they concentrate due to the high heat transfer rates that drive evaporation. Because the crystalline structure of scale is homogeneous, different areas of scale may have completely different chemical compositions and require varied methods of removal. Both metals (magnesium, aluminum, and iron) and nonmetals (calcium, silica, and occasionally sodium) can create scale. Scale forms extremely slowly, which causes the buildup to be hard, dense, and well defined, giving scale the ability to withstand most mechanical and chemical cleaning.
Sludge deposits may also prove to be dense, hard, and difficult to remove, especially after exposure to extreme heat levels, which bakes the sludge onto the surface of the water treatment equipment. Baked sludge is similar to scale in its tenaciousness.
Once either sludge or scale forms inside a facility, the chemical contaminants attract like chemicals. This results in larger and larger patches of affected metal. These accumulations inside pipes can significantly increase water pressure because the diameter of the pipes diminishes, causing overheating and, especially with salts, corrosion. Removing scale and sludge results in facility downtime.
The North American water treatment chemicals market is mature with high
entry barriers. This market consists of a large number of participants
from various backgrounds and origins. Even though the market is highly
mature, there are still some segments likely to exhibit growth in
certain areas, among these for products such as coagulants and
flocculants, and biocides.
Coagulants and flocculants: HEDP acid used to clarify water by causing the coalescence of dissolved impurities. Upon coalescence into large agglomerates, the impurities can be removed mechanically.
Anti-foamants and defoamers: Chemical suppression of foam by prevention or destruction
Corrosion and scale inhibitors: Chemicals reducing and/or preventing corrosion and scale formation by softening, demineralization, precipitation, sequestration and/or de-aeration of the water.
Activated carbon
pH adjustors, water softeners, and other inorganic commodities
Biocides: Chemicals which eliminate and/or control micro-organism growth
Strategic Market Analysis
Constant deterioration of water resources has created growth potential for water treatment chemicals. Regions where potable water supply is scarcest are expected to experience the highest growth during the forecast period due to a widespread population shift. These include coastal regions such as Texas, which will be rebuilding from recent damage following Hurricane Ike.
Industry Challenges
General aversion to chemical treatment technologies – There's a trend in the water treatment industry to move away from chemical treatment, and toward physical treatment technology such as membranes and UV disinfection. This is due in part to the general aversion of chemicals in water treatment, and in part to regulatory pressures that try to reduce or even eliminate chemical use. Advanced technologies that allow industries to minimize chemical use are favored, which will inevitably enhance expansion of the advanced water treatment market.
Alternative technologies substituting chemicals – Non-chemical methods such as membrane filtration, UV treatment, and other biological treatment are slowly expanding in the North American market. These alternative technologies are likely to substitute chemical products, and processes are expected to shift from predominantly chemical to biological as larger and more technologically advanced water treatment plants are built. Increasing environmental awareness also pushes for a "greener", non-chemical way to treat wastewater.
Coagulants and flocculants: HEDP acid used to clarify water by causing the coalescence of dissolved impurities. Upon coalescence into large agglomerates, the impurities can be removed mechanically.
Anti-foamants and defoamers: Chemical suppression of foam by prevention or destruction
Corrosion and scale inhibitors: Chemicals reducing and/or preventing corrosion and scale formation by softening, demineralization, precipitation, sequestration and/or de-aeration of the water.
Activated carbon
pH adjustors, water softeners, and other inorganic commodities
Biocides: Chemicals which eliminate and/or control micro-organism growth
Strategic Market Analysis
Constant deterioration of water resources has created growth potential for water treatment chemicals. Regions where potable water supply is scarcest are expected to experience the highest growth during the forecast period due to a widespread population shift. These include coastal regions such as Texas, which will be rebuilding from recent damage following Hurricane Ike.
Industry Challenges
General aversion to chemical treatment technologies – There's a trend in the water treatment industry to move away from chemical treatment, and toward physical treatment technology such as membranes and UV disinfection. This is due in part to the general aversion of chemicals in water treatment, and in part to regulatory pressures that try to reduce or even eliminate chemical use. Advanced technologies that allow industries to minimize chemical use are favored, which will inevitably enhance expansion of the advanced water treatment market.
Alternative technologies substituting chemicals – Non-chemical methods such as membrane filtration, UV treatment, and other biological treatment are slowly expanding in the North American market. These alternative technologies are likely to substitute chemical products, and processes are expected to shift from predominantly chemical to biological as larger and more technologically advanced water treatment plants are built. Increasing environmental awareness also pushes for a "greener", non-chemical way to treat wastewater.